Agricultural Biotechnology In Africa

My core research area focuses on debates over the potential for agricultural biotechnology to improve yields and livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Over the past twenty years Africa has emerged as one of the most contentious sites for debates over the potential for biotechnologies—including Tissue Culture, Genetically Modified (GM) crops and gene edited crops—to transform agricultural production for smallholder, subsistence farmers.

Ongoing projects within this research stream include:

Improved Varieties of Matooke Banana in Uganda

Over the past ten years I have been undertaking research investigating farmer attitudes and intentions to adopt improved varieties of matooke banana, the primary carbohydrate staple in Uganda. I have also undertaken a series of studies investigating the promotion and regulation of biotechnology in Uganda.  

GM matooke plantlets in Greenhouse (Source: Mathew Schnurr)
GM matooke plantlets in Greenhouse (Source: Mathew Schnurr)
Enclosed Confined Field Trial at Kawanda National Research Laboratory (Source: Matthew Schnurr)
Enclosed Confined Field Trial at Kawanda National Research Laboratory (Source: Matthew Schnurr)

Gendered Impacts of New Breeding Technologies

I lead an interdisciplinary partnership investigating the gender differentiated impacts of new breeding technologies in Uganda, South Africa, Kenya and Ghana.  We co-developed a two-day workshop with farmers that utilizes focus group discussions, value chain mapping, and ranking exercises with mixed and segregated groups of men and women farmers in each group to better understand how the introduction of new breeding technologies impacts intra-household dynamics, with a focus on the impacts on women farmers.  

Co-investigators: 

Dr. Lincoln Addison, Associate Professor, Memorial University of Newfoundland 

Dr. Chris Gore, Professor, Ryerson University

Dr. Sylvia Bawa, Associate Professor, York University

Workshop with small-scale farmers in Eastern Cape, South Africa
Workshop with small-scale farmers in Eastern Cape, South Africa (Source: Lincoln Addison)
Completed example of farmer generated value chain for banana
Completed example of farmer generated value chain for banana (Source: Matthew Schnurr)

Gene Editing in Europe and Africa

The emergence of gene editing tools like CRISPR have prompted renewed interest in conversations around the regulatory needs of improved crop varieties. In response to this growing debate, I lead an international network of researchers with expertise in the social sciences to explore the domestic and international ramifications of the EU’s policy and regulatory approach to genome editing in agriculture. The network will explore key development events in gene editing and the implications on agriculture through three hubs: policy, practice, and public perceptions. Learn more

Co-investigators: 

Dr. Dominic Glover, Research Fellow, Institute of Development Studies 

Dr. Adrian Ely, Reader, University of Sussex

Dr. Anna Kingiri, Director, African Centre for Technology Studies

Dr. Klara Fischer, Associate Professor, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences 

Dr. Glenn Davis Stone, Professor, Washington University in St. Louis

Gene-edited Nipponbare rice produced at the Institute for Genomics Innovation greenhouse in Berkeley,
Gene-edited Nipponbare rice produced at the Institute for Genomics Innovation greenhouse in Berkeley, CA (Source: Nicholas Karavolias).
Participants in the Gene Editing and its Alternatives in Africa workshop,
Participants in the Gene Editing and its Alternatives in Africa workshop, K’jipuktuk Mi’kma’ki (Halifax, Nova Scotia) May 25-26, 2022. (Source: Matthew Schnurr)